Parsec to Ell Conversion Calculator: Free Online Tool
Convert parsecs to ells with our free online length converter.
Parsec to Ell Calculator
How to Use the Calculator:
- Enter the value you want to convert in the 'From' field (Parsec).
- The converted value in Ell will appear automatically in the 'To' field.
- Use the dropdown menus to select different units within the Length category.
- Click the swap button (⇌) to reverse the conversion direction.
How to Convert Parsec to Ell
Converting Parsec to Ell involves multiplying the value by a specific conversion factor, as shown in the formula below.
Formula:
1 Parsec = 2.6997e+16 ellsExample Calculation:
Convert 10 parsecs: 10 × 2.6997e+16 = 2.6997e+17 ells
Disclaimer: For Reference Only
These conversion results are provided for informational purposes only. While we strive for accuracy, we make no guarantees regarding the precision of these results, especially for conversions involving extremely large or small numbers which may be subject to the inherent limitations of standard computer floating-point arithmetic.
Not for professional use. Results should be verified before use in any critical application. View our Terms of Service for more information.
What is a Parsec and a Ell?
The Parsec (symbol pc) is a unit of length used to measure the enormous distances to astronomical objects outside the Solar System. One parsec is defined as the distance at which one astronomical unit (AU) – the average distance between the Earth and the Sun – subtends an angle of one arcsecond (1/3600th of a degree). This corresponds to approximately:
- 3.0857 × 10¹⁶ meters (m)
- 30.857 trillion kilometers (km)
- 19.174 trillion miles (mi)
- 206,264.8 astronomical units (AU)
- 3.26156 light-years (ly)
It is derived directly from the method of trigonometric parallax used by astronomers to measure stellar distances.
The Ell is an historical unit of length, primarily used for measuring cloth and textiles. Its exact length varied considerably depending on the region, country, and time period, making it a non-standardized unit overall, though often legally defined within specific jurisdictions.
It is generally understood to have originated from the length of the arm or forearm, similar to the cubit. The name itself derives from the Proto-Germanic word *alinō, meaning "forearm".
Common historical values demonstrate this variability:
- English Ell: Traditionally 45 inches (1.25 yards, exactly 1.143 meters). This was the most common ell in England, particularly for measuring imported Flemish cloth.
- Scottish Ell: Approximately 37.06 inches (about 0.941 meters), based on the standard Scottish inch.
- Flemish (or Brabant) Ell: Approximately 27 inches (about 0.686 meters). Widely used in the Low Countries, a major center for textile production.
- French Ell (Aune): Varied, but often around 46.77 inches (about 1.188 meters) in Paris. The aune itself had different lengths in different French regions.
- Polish Ell (Łokieć): Approximately 22.7 inches (about 0.576 meters).
- Swedish Ell (Aln): Approximately 23.3 inches (about 0.593 meters).
Note: The Parsec is part of the imperial/US customary system, primarily used in the US, UK, and Canada for everyday measurements. The Ell belongs to the imperial/US customary system.
History of the Parsec and Ell
The concept of measuring stellar distances via parallax existed long before the unit itself. The term "parsec" was coined by the British astronomer Herbert Hall Turner in 1913. He sought a convenient unit for astronomers that directly reflected the observational method. The name is a portmanteau derived from "parallax of one arcsecond". It quickly gained acceptance within the astronomical community due to its practical connection to parallax measurements, which were (and still are) a fundamental way to determine distances to nearby stars.
The ell was a fundamental unit for the textile trade across Europe, flourishing from the medieval period through the early modern era and into the 19th century. Its origins likely lie in anthropomorphic measurements related to the arm, similar to the cubit.
The lack of a universal standard led to numerous regional variations. Different cities, guilds, or nations established their own "standard" ell, often physically represented by a metal rod kept by authorities. This variation could sometimes be a source of trade disputes but also reflected local manufacturing and trade practices.
The English ell of 45 inches (longer than the standard English yard of 36 inches) became particularly well-established, possibly to account for shrinkage or to provide a customary "bonus" measure when selling cloth.
With the rise of standardized measurement systems like the Imperial system (promoting the yard) and especially the Metric system (introducing the meter), the ell gradually became obsolete during the 18th and 19th centuries. Legal reforms in many countries formally abolished it in favor of metric units.
Common Uses for parsecs and ells
Explore the typical applications for both Parsec (imperial/US) and Ell (imperial/US) to understand their common contexts.
Common Uses for parsecs
The parsec is the preferred unit of distance in professional astronomy and astrophysics:
- Stellar Distances: Measuring distances to nearby stars using parallax.
- Galactic Structure: Describing distances within the Milky Way galaxy (often using kiloparsecs, kpc, where 1 kpc = 1000 pc). For example, the Sun is about 8 kpc from the Galactic Center.
- Extragalactic Distances: Measuring distances to other galaxies and galaxy clusters (often using megaparsecs, Mpc, where 1 Mpc = 1,000,000 pc). The Hubble constant, describing the expansion of the universe, is typically expressed in (km/s)/Mpc.
- Cosmology: Discussing large-scale structures and distances in the universe (using Mpc and sometimes gigaparsecs, Gpc, where 1 Gpc = 1000 Mpc).
Common Uses for ells
The ell is now obsolete but was historically crucial for:
- Textile Trade: Its primary and defining use was measuring and selling lengths of cloth (wool, linen, silk, etc.). Cloth was often priced and sold "by the ell".
- Tailoring and Dressmaking: Used by artisans creating garments.
- Mercantile Records: Appears frequently in historical merchant accounts, inventories, customs documents, and trade records. Understanding the local ell is vital for interpreting these economic historical sources.
- Land Measurement (Rarely): In some specific, localized contexts, an ell might have been used for land, but this was uncommon compared to units like the rod or chain.
- Literature and Culture: Referenced in historical texts, literature, and idioms (e.g., "Give him an inch, and he'll take an ell").
Frequently Asked Questions
Questions About Parsec (pc)
What does 'Parsec' stand for?
Parsec is a blend of "parallax of one arcsecond". It represents the distance at which the parallax angle of a star is exactly one second of arc.
How is a parsec defined?
It's defined based on trigonometry. Imagine a right-angled triangle in space where the short side is the Earth-Sun distance (1 AU). The parsec is the length of the adjacent side when the angle at the distant star (the parallax angle) is exactly one arcsecond.
Is a Parsec bigger than a Light Year?
Yes, one parsec is significantly larger than one light-year.
- 1 Parsec ≈ 3.26 light-years
How many meters or kilometers are in a parsec?
One parsec is approximately:
- 3.0857 × 10¹⁶ meters
- 30.857 trillion kilometers
How many Astronomical Units (AU) are in a parsec?
One parsec is equal to approximately 206,265 AU. This number arises directly from the definition involving radians and arcseconds (specifically, the number of arcseconds in a radian).
Why do astronomers use parsecs instead of light-years?
While both are used, parsecs are often preferred in professional contexts because:
- Direct Observational Link: The parsec is derived directly from the parallax angle, a primary method for measuring distance.
- Historical Convention: It became the standard unit early in the development of stellar distance measurement.
- Convenience: Multiples like kpc and Mpc provide convenient scales for galactic and extragalactic distances.
- Definition Stability: The definition of a light-year depends slightly on the definition of a "year" (e.g., Julian year), whereas the parsec is based on the fixed AU and geometric angles.
Is the parsec an SI unit?
No, the parsec is not an SI unit. The SI unit for length is the meter (m). However, the parsec (along with the astronomical unit and light-year) is recognized by the International Astronomical Union (IAU) and is widely accepted for use in astronomy.
About Ell (ell)
How long is an Ell?
There is no single fixed length for the ell; it varied significantly by location and time. Some key examples include:
- English Ell: 45 inches (1.143 m)
- Scottish Ell: ~37 inches (~0.94 m)
- Flemish Ell: ~27 inches (~0.69 m)
- French Aune (Ell): ~47 inches (~1.19 m) Always check the context (region and era) when encountering a measurement in ells. The English ell of 45 inches is often assumed in English-language historical contexts unless otherwise specified.
How does the Ell compare to a Yard?
The English ell (45 inches) is exactly 1.25 times longer than the standard yard (36 inches). However, other ells could be shorter (like the Flemish ell) or have different relationships to the local yard equivalent.
Is the Ell related to the Elbow or Arm?
Yes, the name "ell" derives from Proto-Germanic *alinō ("forearm"), cognate with Latin ulna and Greek ōlénē, all referring to the forearm or elbow. This strongly suggests an origin based on the length of the human arm, similar to the cubit. However, the standardized lengths adopted for trade were often considerably longer than a literal forearm.
Why did the Ell length vary so much?
The variation stemmed from:
- Lack of Universal Standards: Before the metric system, measurement standards were highly localized.
- Regional Customs: Different areas developed their own traditional lengths based on local needs and practices.
- Trade Protectionism: Sometimes, variations were maintained deliberately by guilds or cities.
- Evolution Over Time: The definition could change even within the same region over centuries.
Is the Ell an SI unit?
No, the ell is not part of the International System of Units (SI). It is an historical, customary unit belonging to various pre-metric systems. The corresponding SI unit for length is the meter (m).
Is the Ell still used today?
No, the ell is obsolete and is not used for any standard commercial, scientific, or practical measurements today. Its use was superseded primarily by the yard (in Imperial/US customary systems) and the meter (in the metric system). Its relevance is now purely historical.
Conversion Table: Parsec to Ell
| Parsec (pc) | Ell (ell) |
|---|---|
| 1 | 26,996,500,437,445,320 |
| 5 | 134,982,502,187,226,600 |
| 10 | 269,965,004,374,453,200 |
| 25 | 674,912,510,936,133,000 |
| 50 | 1,349,825,021,872,266,000 |
| 100 | 2,699,650,043,744,532,000 |
| 500 | 13,498,250,218,722,660,000 |
| 1,000 | 26,996,500,437,445,320,000 |
All Length Conversions
Other Units from Length
- Meter (m)
- Kilometer (km)
- Hectometer (hm)
- Decimeter (dm)
- Centimeter (cm)
- Millimeter (mm)
- Inch (in)
- Foot (ft)
- Yard (yd)
- Mile (mi)
- Nautical Mile (NM)
- Micrometer (μm)
- Nanometer (nm)
- Light Year (ly)
- Astronomical Unit (AU)
- Angstrom (Å)
- Point (Typography) (pt)
- Mil/Thou (mil)
- Fathom (fath)
- Furlong (fur)
- Link (Gunter's) (li)
- Pace (pace)
- Span (span)
- Digit (digit)
- Cable Length (cb)
- Finger (finger)
- Roman Mile (m.p.)
- Stadion (stadion)
- Chi (Chinese) (chi)
- Shaku (Japanese) (shaku)
- Li (Chinese) (li)
- Toise (toise)
- Bolt (bolt)
- Rope (rope)
- Smoot (smoot)
- Sajene (sajene)
- Ken (ken)
- Wa (wa)
- Vara (vara)
- Aln (aln)
- Cubit (Royal/Egyptian) (cubit)
- Versta (versta)
- Arpent (arpent)
- Ri (Japanese) (ri)
- Klafter (klafter)
- Yojana (yojana)
- Skein (skein)