UnitsConverter

Calorie per Second to Gigawatt Converter

Convert cal/s to gigawatts with our free online power converter.

Quick Answer

1 Calorie per Second = 4.184000e-9 gigawatts

Formula: Calorie per Second Ɨ conversion factor = Gigawatt

Use the calculator below for instant, accurate conversions.

Our Accuracy Guarantee

All conversion formulas on UnitsConverter.io have been verified against NIST (National Institute of Standards and Technology) guidelines and international SI standards. Our calculations are accurate to 10 decimal places for standard conversions and use arbitrary precision arithmetic for astronomical units.

Last verified: February 2026Reviewed by: Sam Mathew, Software Engineer

Calorie per Second to Gigawatt Calculator

How to Use the Calorie per Second to Gigawatt Calculator:

  1. Enter the value you want to convert in the 'From' field (Calorie per Second).
  2. The converted value in Gigawatt will appear automatically in the 'To' field.
  3. Use the dropdown menus to select different units within the Power category.
  4. Click the swap button (ā‡Œ) to reverse the conversion direction.
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How to Convert Calorie per Second to Gigawatt: Step-by-Step Guide

Converting Calorie per Second to Gigawatt involves multiplying the value by a specific conversion factor, as shown in the formula below.

Formula:

GW = cal/s Ɨ 4.184e-9

Example Calculation:

1 cal/s = 4.184000e-9 GW

Disclaimer: For Reference Only

These conversion results are provided for informational purposes only. While we strive for accuracy, we make no guarantees regarding the precision of these results, especially for conversions involving extremely large or small numbers which may be subject to the inherent limitations of standard computer floating-point arithmetic.

Not for professional use. Results should be verified before use in any critical application. View our Terms of Service for more information.

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What is a Calorie per Second and a Gigawatt?

1 cal/s = 4.184 W = 0.004184 kW = 0.0056 hp = 14.29 BTU/h

Note: This uses IT (International Table) calorie = 4.1868 J (standard)

1 GW = 1,000,000,000 W = 1,000 MW = 1,000,000 kW = 1,341,022 hp = 3.412 billion BTU/h

Note: The Calorie per Second is part of the imperial/US customary system, primarily used in the US, UK, and Canada for everyday measurements. The Gigawatt belongs to the imperial/US customary system.

Common Uses and Applications: cal/s vs gigawatts

Explore the typical applications for both Calorie per Second (imperial/US) and Gigawatt (imperial/US) to understand their common contexts.

Common Uses for cal/s

Physics Education: Thermodynamics problems, heat transfer calculations. Older Literature: Pre-SI engineering texts, vintage HVAC data. Scientific: Some chemistry and biology applications. Rarely Modern: Watts or kilocalories per hour preferred today.

When to Use gigawatts

Power Plants: Nuclear reactors, coal plants, large hydro dams (1-3 GW each). National Grids: Total generation capacity for countries/regions. Energy Policy: Renewable energy targets, grid expansion planning. Data Centers: Massive hyperscale facilities (approaching 1 GW).

Additional Unit Information

About Calorie per Second (cal/s)

How do I convert cal/s to watts or kW?

Formula:

  • W = cal/s Ɨ 4.184
  • kW = cal/s Ɨ 0.004184

Examples:

  • 1 cal/s = 4.184 W
  • 10 cal/s = 41.84 W
  • 100 cal/s = 418.4 W = 0.418 kW
  • 1,000 cal/s = 4,184 W = 4.184 kW

cal/s to Watts converter ā†’ cal/s to kW converter ā†’

What is the difference between cal/s and kcal/h?

cal/s = Small calorie per second (rapid power) kcal/h = Kilocalorie (food Calorie) per hour (slower rate)

Conversion: 1 cal/s = 3.6 kcal/h

Usage:

  • cal/s: Physics, instant power measurements
  • kcal/h: Metabolism, HVAC (some regions)

Example: 70W human at rest

  • As watts: 70 W
  • As cal/s: 16.7 cal/s
  • As kcal/h: 60 kcal/h

How do I calculate heat transfer in cal/s?

Formula: Power (cal/s) = Heat (cal) Ć· Time (s)

Example: Melting ice

  • Ice mass: 100 g
  • Heat needed: 8,000 cal (80 cal/g latent heat)
  • Time: 60 seconds
  • Power: 8,000 Ć· 60 = 133 cal/s = 558 W

Heating water:

  • Water: 1 kg (1,000 g)
  • Temperature rise: 10Ā°C
  • Heat needed: 10,000 cal (1 cal/gā‹…Ā°C Ɨ 1,000g Ɨ 10Ā°C)
  • Time: 100 seconds
  • Power: 10,000 Ć· 100 = 100 cal/s = 418 W

Why use watts instead of cal/s?

SI standard: Watts are internationally standardized (1 W = 1 J/s) Simpler: Avoids cal vs kcal vs Cal confusion Electrical: All electrical power in watts Universal: Works across all energy forms (mechanical, electrical, thermal)

Exception: Some nutrition/metabolism research still uses cal/s or kcal/h for historical consistency.

About Gigawatt (GW)

How do I convert GW to MW or kW?

Formula:

  • MW = GW Ɨ 1,000
  • kW = GW Ɨ 1,000,000
  • W = GW Ɨ 1,000,000,000

Examples:

  • 1 GW = 1,000 MW = 1,000,000 kW
  • 2.5 GW = 2,500 MW = 2,500,000 kW
  • 0.5 GW = 500 MW = 500,000 kW

GW to MW converter ā†’ GW to kW converter ā†’

How much power is 1.21 gigawatts?

Reference: "Back to the Future" flux capacitor requirement

1.21 GW = 1,210 MW = 1,210,000 kW

Equivalent to:

  • ~1 nuclear reactor at full output
  • ~600 large wind turbines (2 MW each)
  • ~400,000 US homes' average consumption
  • ~1,620,000 horsepower
  • Lightning bolt peak: ~1 TW (1,000 GW) for microseconds, but 1.21 GW sustained is massive

Reality: No practical way to extract 1.21 GW from a lightning bolt (too brief, unpredictable)

How many homes can 1 GW power?

Average US home: ~1.2 kW average draw (30 kWh/day Ć· 24 hours)

1 GW = 1,000,000 kW

Calculation: 1,000,000 kW Ć· 1.2 kW/home ā‰ˆ 833,000 homes

Regional variations:

  • Southwest US (high AC use): ~600,000 homes per GW
  • Northeast US: ~700,000-800,000 homes per GW
  • Pacific Northwest: ~900,000-1,000,000 homes per GW

Peak vs average: During peak demand (hot summer afternoon), 1 GW powers fewer homes (~300,000-500,000).

What is the world's largest power plant?

Three Gorges Dam (China): 22.5 GW capacity

  • Type: Hydroelectric
  • Turbines: 34 generators
  • Annual generation: ~100 TWh/year
  • Location: Yangtze River

Other massive plants:

  • Itaipu Dam (Brazil/Paraguay): 14 GW
  • Xiluodu Dam (China): 13.86 GW
  • Belo Monte Dam (Brazil): 11.23 GW
  • Guri Dam (Venezuela): 10.2 GW

Largest nuclear (single site): Kashiwazaki-Kariwa (Japan): 7.97 GW (7 reactors)

How do countries measure their energy capacity?

Installed capacity: Total GW of all power plants (nameplate rating)

Actual generation: Lower than capacity due to:

  • Capacity factor: % of time at full output
  • Maintenance downtime
  • Fuel availability
  • Grid demand

Example - US (2024):

  • Installed capacity: ~1,200 GW
  • Peak demand: ~740 GW (summer)
  • Average demand: ~450 GW

Capacity factor by source:

  • Nuclear: 90-95% (runs constantly)
  • Coal: 40-60%
  • Natural gas: 30-60%
  • Wind: 25-45%
  • Solar: 15-30%

Conversion Table: Calorie per Second to Gigawatt

Calorie per Second (cal/s)Gigawatt (GW)
0.50
10
1.50
20
50
100
250
500
1000
2500
5000
1,0000

People Also Ask

How do I convert Calorie per Second to Gigawatt?

To convert Calorie per Second to Gigawatt, enter the value in Calorie per Second in the calculator above. The conversion will happen automatically. Use our free online converter for instant and accurate results. You can also visit our power converter page to convert between other units in this category.

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What is the conversion factor from Calorie per Second to Gigawatt?

The conversion factor depends on the specific relationship between Calorie per Second and Gigawatt. You can find the exact conversion formula and factor on this page. Our calculator handles all calculations automatically. See the conversion table above for common values.

Can I convert Gigawatt back to Calorie per Second?

Yes! You can easily convert Gigawatt back to Calorie per Second by using the swap button (ā‡Œ) in the calculator above, or by visiting our Gigawatt to Calorie per Second converter page. You can also explore other power conversions on our category page.

Learn more ā†’

What are common uses for Calorie per Second and Gigawatt?

Calorie per Second and Gigawatt are both standard units used in power measurements. They are commonly used in various applications including engineering, construction, cooking, and scientific research. Browse our power converter for more conversion options.

For more power conversion questions, visit our FAQ page or explore our conversion guides.

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Verified Against Authority Standards

All conversion formulas have been verified against international standards and authoritative sources to ensure maximum accuracy and reliability.

NIST Reference on Constants, Units and Uncertainty

National Institute of Standards and Technology ā€” Fundamental physical constants and unit conversions

BIPM SI Units

Bureau International des Poids et Mesures ā€” International System of Units (SI) definitions and standards

ISO 80000

International Organization for Standardization ā€” Quantities and units international standards series

Last verified: February 19, 2026