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Technical Atmosphere to Kilopascal Converter

Convert technical atmospheres to kilopascals with our free online pressure converter.

Quick Answer

1 Technical Atmosphere = 98.0665 kilopascals

Formula: Technical Atmosphere × conversion factor = Kilopascal

Use the calculator below for instant, accurate conversions.

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All conversion formulas on UnitsConverter.io have been verified against NIST (National Institute of Standards and Technology) guidelines and international SI standards. Our calculations are accurate to 10 decimal places for standard conversions and use arbitrary precision arithmetic for astronomical units.

Last verified: February 2026Reviewed by: Sam Mathew, Software Engineer

Technical Atmosphere to Kilopascal Calculator

How to Use the Technical Atmosphere to Kilopascal Calculator:

  1. Enter the value you want to convert in the 'From' field (Technical Atmosphere).
  2. The converted value in Kilopascal will appear automatically in the 'To' field.
  3. Use the dropdown menus to select different units within the Pressure category.
  4. Click the swap button (⇌) to reverse the conversion direction.
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How to Convert Technical Atmosphere to Kilopascal: Step-by-Step Guide

Converting Technical Atmosphere to Kilopascal involves multiplying the value by a specific conversion factor, as shown in the formula below.

Formula:

kPa = at × 98.0665

Example Calculation:

1 at = 98.0665 kPa

Disclaimer: For Reference Only

These conversion results are provided for informational purposes only. While we strive for accuracy, we make no guarantees regarding the precision of these results, especially for conversions involving extremely large or small numbers which may be subject to the inherent limitations of standard computer floating-point arithmetic.

Not for professional use. Results should be verified before use in any critical application. View our Terms of Service for more information.

Need to convert to other pressure units?

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📋 Unit Symbols

Copy at & kPa symbols

What is a Technical Atmosphere and a Kilopascal?

1 at = 1 kgf/cm² = 98,066.5 Pa = 98.07 kPa = 0.9807 bar = 0.968 atm = 14.223 PSI = 735.6 mmHg

Symbol: at (from German "technische Atmosphäre")

Also written as: kgf/cm², kg/cm², technical atmosphere, metric atmosphere (not standard atmosphere!)

Physical meaning: Pressure exerted by 1 kilogram-force over 1 square centimeter

1 kPa = 1,000 Pa = 0.145038 PSI = 0.01 bar = 10 hPa = 10 mbar = 0.00987 atm = 7.5 mmHg

Why Kilopascal?

The kilopascal is the practical SI unit for everyday pressures:

  • Pascal is too small: 1 Pa = fingernail scratch pressure (not useful)
  • Megapascal is too large: 1 MPa = industrial level (uncommon for most uses)
  • Kilopascal is "just right": 100-300 kPa range covers most everyday pressures
  • SI standard: International standard for tire pressure, medical, engineering
  • Clean conversions: Exactly 0.145 PSI, exactly 0.01 bar

Note: The Technical Atmosphere is part of the imperial/US customary system, primarily used in the US, UK, and Canada for everyday measurements. The Kilopascal belongs to the imperial/US customary system.

Common Uses and Applications: technical atmospheres vs kilopascals

Explore the typical applications for both Technical Atmosphere (imperial/US) and Kilopascal (imperial/US) to understand their common contexts.

Common Uses for technical atmospheres

Historical: European engineering (Germany, Austria, Switzerland) pre-1980s. Current: Some Asian countries (China, Russia, Japan) still use occasionally. Older Equipment: Pressure gauges, hydraulic systems from mid-1900s. Legacy Specs: Old engineering drawings, technical manuals.

When to Use kilopascals

Automotive: Tire pressure (international standard, except USA).

  • Car manufacturers specify tire pressure in kPa on door jamb
  • Repair manuals use kPa
  • Tire pressure gauges often have kPa scale

Medical: Blood pressure equipment (replacing mmHg in some regions).

  • Modern digital blood pressure monitors often display kPa
  • Medical research uses kPa
  • Gradual transition from mmHg (some regions still use mmHg)

Meteorology: Atmospheric pressure (101.325 kPa at sea level).

  • European weather reports sometimes use kPa
  • Upper atmosphere measurements in kPa
  • Pressure profiling in meteorology

Engineering: Structural loads, material strength, HVAC systems.

  • Material testing: tensile strength in MPa, stress in kPa
  • Building code pressure ratings in kPa
  • Water system specifications in kPa

Additional Unit Information

About Technical Atmosphere (at)

What is the difference between "at" and "atm"?

Different units! (Common source of confusion)

at (technical atmosphere):

  • 1 at = 1 kgf/cm² = 98,066.5 Pa
  • Engineering unit based on kilogram-force
  • Symbol: at
  • Historical European engineering

atm (standard atmosphere):

  • 1 atm = 101,325 Pa (exactly, by definition)
  • Based on sea-level atmospheric pressure
  • Symbol: atm
  • Scientific/meteorological standard

Relationship: 1 atm = 1.033 at (about 3% higher)

Why confusion?: Names sound similar, values close (both ≈ atmospheric pressure)

Technical Atmosphere to Atmosphere converter →

How do I convert at to bar?

Formula: bar = at × 0.980665

Quick approximation: 1 at ≈ 1 bar (1.9% difference)

Exact conversions:

  • 1 at = 0.981 bar
  • 2 at = 1.961 bar
  • 5 at = 4.903 bar
  • 10 at = 9.807 bar
  • 100 at = 98.07 bar

Inverse: 1 bar = 1.0197 at

Why so close?: Bar defined (originally) to be close to atmospheric pressure, similar motivation as technical atmosphere

at to Bar converter →

How do I convert at to PSI?

Formula: PSI = at × 14.2233

Examples:

  • 1 at = 14.22 PSI
  • 2 at = 28.45 PSI
  • 5 at = 71.12 PSI (typical air compressor)
  • 10 at = 142.23 PSI
  • 100 at = 1,422.33 PSI (high pressure)

Inverse: 1 PSI = 0.0703 at

Memory aid: 1 at ≈ 14 PSI

at to PSI converter →

How do I convert at to kPa or MPa?

Formula: kPa = at × 98.0665

Examples:

  • 1 at = 98.07 kPa ≈ 0.1 MPa
  • 5 at = 490.3 kPa ≈ 0.5 MPa
  • 10 at = 980.7 kPa ≈ 1 MPa
  • 50 at = 4,903 kPa ≈ 5 MPa
  • 100 at = 9,807 kPa ≈ 10 MPa

Quick rule: Multiply by ~100 to get kPa, divide by ~10 to get MPa

at to kPa converter → at to MPa converter →

Why is this unit not used anymore?

SI adoption (1970s-1980s): Most countries transitioned to SI units (Pa, kPa, MPa, bar)

Problems with technical atmosphere:

  • Not SI-compliant: Based on kilogram-force (gravitational unit)
  • Ambiguity: "kg" is mass, not force (kgf needed for clarity)
  • Gravity dependence: Assumes standard gravity (9.80665 m/s²)
  • Confusion: Easy to confuse with standard atmosphere (atm)

Modern replacements:

  • Bar: 1 at ≈ 1 bar (easy conversion)
  • kPa: 1 at ≈ 100 kPa
  • MPa: For high pressures (1 at = 0.1 MPa)

Still seen in:

  • Older European equipment specifications
  • Chinese industrial standards (some applications)
  • Russian/former Soviet engineering documents
  • Japanese industrial equipment (occasionally)
  • Legacy pressure gauges and instruments

For new designs: Use bar, kPa, or MPa instead of at

Historical importance: Was convenient unit when bar not yet standardized, and provided easy mental approximation to atmospheric pressure.

About Kilopascal (kPa)

How do I convert kPa to PSI?

Formula: PSI = kPa × 0.145038 (or kPa ÷ 6.895)

Examples:

  • 100 kPa = 14.5 PSI
  • 200 kPa = 29 PSI (bicycle tire)
  • 220 kPa = 32 PSI (typical car tire)
  • 240 kPa = 35 PSI (SUV tire)
  • 600 kPa = 87 PSI (road bike)

kPa to PSI converter →

What is 32 PSI in kPa?

32 PSI = 220.6 kPa (standard car tire pressure)

Common tire pressures:

  • 30 PSI = 207 kPa
  • 32 PSI = 221 kPa (most common)
  • 35 PSI = 241 kPa (SUVs, loaded vehicles)
  • 40 PSI = 276 kPa (trucks, some SUVs)

PSI to kPa converter →

How many kPa in 1 bar?

1 bar = 100 kPa exactly

Examples:

  • 0.5 bar = 50 kPa
  • 1 bar = 100 kPa
  • 2 bar = 200 kPa (bicycle tire)
  • 2.5 bar = 250 kPa (car tire)
  • 10 bar = 1,000 kPa = 1 MPa

Bar to kPa converter →

Why do some countries use kPa and others PSI for tires?

kPa (kilopascal): International standard (SI unit)

  • Used in: Europe, Asia, Australia, Canada, most of world
  • Metric system, easier calculations
  • Appears on all tire sidewalls globally

PSI (pounds per square inch): US customary unit

  • Used in: United States primarily
  • Imperial system, traditional in US
  • Also appears on tire sidewalls

Dual labeling: Modern tires show both (e.g., "32 PSI / 220 kPa")

Conversion tip: Multiply kPa by 0.145 to get PSI, or divide PSI by 6.895 to get kPa

Is kPa replacing mmHg for blood pressure?

Transitioning, but slow:

mmHg still dominant: Most medical equipment, patient communication uses mmHg kPa in some regions: SI-compliant medical devices show kPa Dual display: Many modern BP monitors show both

Why slow transition?:

  • Historical familiarity (120/80 mmHg)
  • Medical education based on mmHg
  • Patient understanding
  • International guidelines still use mmHg

Conversion: 1 kPa ≈ 7.5 mmHg, so 120/80 mmHg = 16/10.7 kPa (less intuitive)

Conversion Table: Technical Atmosphere to Kilopascal

Technical Atmosphere (at)Kilopascal (kPa)
0.549.033
198.067
1.5147.1
2196.133
5490.333
10980.665
252,451.663
504,903.325
1009,806.65
25024,516.625
50049,033.25
1,00098,066.5

People Also Ask

How do I convert Technical Atmosphere to Kilopascal?

To convert Technical Atmosphere to Kilopascal, enter the value in Technical Atmosphere in the calculator above. The conversion will happen automatically. Use our free online converter for instant and accurate results. You can also visit our pressure converter page to convert between other units in this category.

Learn more →

What is the conversion factor from Technical Atmosphere to Kilopascal?

The conversion factor depends on the specific relationship between Technical Atmosphere and Kilopascal. You can find the exact conversion formula and factor on this page. Our calculator handles all calculations automatically. See the conversion table above for common values.

Can I convert Kilopascal back to Technical Atmosphere?

Yes! You can easily convert Kilopascal back to Technical Atmosphere by using the swap button (⇌) in the calculator above, or by visiting our Kilopascal to Technical Atmosphere converter page. You can also explore other pressure conversions on our category page.

Learn more →

What are common uses for Technical Atmosphere and Kilopascal?

Technical Atmosphere and Kilopascal are both standard units used in pressure measurements. They are commonly used in various applications including engineering, construction, cooking, and scientific research. Browse our pressure converter for more conversion options.

For more pressure conversion questions, visit our FAQ page or explore our conversion guides.

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All Pressure Conversions

Pascal to KilopascalPascal to MegapascalPascal to HectopascalPascal to BarPascal to MillibarPascal to AtmospherePascal to Technical AtmospherePascal to TorrPascal to Millimeter of MercuryPascal to Inch of MercuryPascal to Pound per Square InchPascal to Kilopound per Square InchPascal to Kilogram-force per Square CentimeterPascal to Kilogram-force per Square MeterPascal to Millimeter of Water ColumnPascal to Inch of Water ColumnKilopascal to PascalKilopascal to MegapascalKilopascal to HectopascalKilopascal to BarKilopascal to MillibarKilopascal to AtmosphereKilopascal to Technical AtmosphereKilopascal to TorrKilopascal to Millimeter of MercuryKilopascal to Inch of MercuryKilopascal to Pound per Square InchKilopascal to Kilopound per Square InchKilopascal to Kilogram-force per Square CentimeterKilopascal to Kilogram-force per Square MeterKilopascal to Millimeter of Water ColumnKilopascal to Inch of Water ColumnMegapascal to PascalMegapascal to KilopascalMegapascal to HectopascalMegapascal to BarMegapascal to MillibarMegapascal to AtmosphereMegapascal to Technical AtmosphereMegapascal to TorrMegapascal to Millimeter of MercuryMegapascal to Inch of MercuryMegapascal to Pound per Square InchMegapascal to Kilopound per Square InchMegapascal to Kilogram-force per Square CentimeterMegapascal to Kilogram-force per Square MeterMegapascal to Millimeter of Water ColumnMegapascal to Inch of Water ColumnHectopascal to PascalHectopascal to KilopascalHectopascal to MegapascalHectopascal to BarHectopascal to MillibarHectopascal to AtmosphereHectopascal to Technical AtmosphereHectopascal to TorrHectopascal to Millimeter of MercuryHectopascal to Inch of MercuryHectopascal to Pound per Square InchHectopascal to Kilopound per Square InchHectopascal to Kilogram-force per Square CentimeterHectopascal to Kilogram-force per Square MeterHectopascal to Millimeter of Water ColumnHectopascal to Inch of Water ColumnBar to PascalBar to KilopascalBar to MegapascalBar to HectopascalBar to MillibarBar to AtmosphereBar to Technical AtmosphereBar to TorrBar to Millimeter of MercuryBar to Inch of MercuryBar to Pound per Square InchBar to Kilopound per Square InchBar to Kilogram-force per Square CentimeterBar to Kilogram-force per Square MeterBar to Millimeter of Water ColumnBar to Inch of Water ColumnMillibar to PascalMillibar to KilopascalMillibar to MegapascalMillibar to HectopascalMillibar to BarMillibar to AtmosphereMillibar to Technical AtmosphereMillibar to TorrMillibar to Millimeter of MercuryMillibar to Inch of MercuryMillibar to Pound per Square InchMillibar to Kilopound per Square InchMillibar to Kilogram-force per Square CentimeterMillibar to Kilogram-force per Square MeterMillibar to Millimeter of Water ColumnMillibar to Inch of Water ColumnAtmosphere to PascalAtmosphere to KilopascalAtmosphere to MegapascalAtmosphere to HectopascalAtmosphere to BarAtmosphere to MillibarAtmosphere to Technical AtmosphereAtmosphere to TorrAtmosphere to Millimeter of MercuryAtmosphere to Inch of MercuryAtmosphere to Pound per Square InchAtmosphere to Kilopound per Square InchAtmosphere to Kilogram-force per Square CentimeterAtmosphere to Kilogram-force per Square MeterAtmosphere to Millimeter of Water ColumnAtmosphere to Inch of Water ColumnTechnical Atmosphere to PascalTechnical Atmosphere to MegapascalTechnical Atmosphere to HectopascalTechnical Atmosphere to BarTechnical Atmosphere to MillibarTechnical Atmosphere to AtmosphereTechnical Atmosphere to TorrTechnical Atmosphere to Millimeter of Mercury

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Verified Against Authority Standards

All conversion formulas have been verified against international standards and authoritative sources to ensure maximum accuracy and reliability.

NIST Reference on Constants, Units and Uncertainty

National Institute of Standards and Technology — Fundamental physical constants and unit conversions

BIPM SI Units

Bureau International des Poids et Mesures — International System of Units (SI) definitions and standards

ISO 80000

International Organization for Standardization — Quantities and units international standards series

Last verified: February 19, 2026