Arcsecond () - Unit Information & Conversion

Symbol:
Plural:arcseconds
Category:Angle

🔄 Quick Convert Arcsecond

What is a Arcsecond?

Arcsecond (arcsec or second of arc) is 1/3600 of a degree, measuring tiny angles in astronomy and precision optics. Symbol: ″. 1° = 3600 arcseconds. Used for stellar parallax, telescope resolution, and GPS precision.

History of the Arcsecond

Derived from Babylonian sexagesimal system. Critical for astronomical measurements since telescope invention (1600s). Modern usage includes satellite positioning and high-precision surveying.

Quick Answer

What is an Arcsecond? An arcsecond is 1/3600 of a degree, used for measuring extremely small angles. A penny viewed from 4 km away appears about 1 arcsecond wide. 1 arcsecond = 1/60 arcminute = 1/3600 degree ≈ 0.000278°. Use our angle converter for instant conversions.

Definition

1 arcsecond = 1/60 arcminute = 1/3600 degree ≈ 0.000278° ≈ 0.00000485 radians

Symbol: ″ (double prime) or arcsec

Key conversions:

  • 60 arcseconds = 1 arcminute
  • 3600 arcseconds = 1 degree
  • 1 arcsecond ≈ 4.848 × 10⁻⁶ radians

Common Uses

Astronomy: Measuring star positions, planetary motion, stellar parallax, and telescope resolution. Surveying: High-precision land measurements and geodetic surveys. GPS Systems: Coordinate precision (1 arcsecond ≈ 30 meters at equator). Optics: Telescope and microscope angular resolution specifications.

Real-World Examples

Astronomical Measurements

  • Stellar parallax: Nearest star (Proxima Centauri) has 0.768 arcsecond parallax
  • Hubble Space Telescope resolution: ~0.05 arcseconds
  • Jupiter's moons: Callisto orbits ~140 arcseconds from Jupiter
  • Mars polar ice cap: ~15 arcseconds diameter when viewed from Earth
  • Saturn's rings: Main ring system spans ~40 arcseconds

Distance Scale on Earth

  • 1 arcsecond at equator: ≈ 30.9 meters (101 feet)
  • 1 arcsecond latitude: Always ≈ 30.9 meters
  • 1 arcsecond longitude: Varies by latitude:
    • Equator: 30.9 m
    • 45° latitude: 21.9 m
    • 60° latitude: 15.5 m

Visual Comparisons

  • Human hair: ~20 arcseconds at 1 meter distance
  • Tennis ball: ~3600 arcseconds (1°) at 10 meters
  • Penny (19mm): ~1 arcsecond at 4 km distance
  • International Space Station: ~60 arcseconds when overhead

Arcsecond Conversion Formulas

To Degree:

1 ″ = 0.000278 °
Example: 5 arcseconds = 0.001389 degrees

To Radian:

1 ″ = 0.000005 rad
Example: 5 arcseconds = 0.000024 radians

To Gradian:

1 ″ = 0.000309 grad
Example: 5 arcseconds = 0.001543 gradians

To Arcminute:

1 ″ = 0.016667 ′
Example: 5 arcseconds = 0.083333 arcminutes

To Turn:

1 ″ = 7.7160e-7 turn
Example: 5 arcseconds = 0.000004 turns

To Revolution:

1 ″ = 7.7160e-7 rev
Example: 5 arcseconds = 0.000004 revolutions

To Quadrant:

1 ″ = 0.000003 quad
Example: 5 arcseconds = 0.000015 quadrants

To Gon:

1 ″ = 0.000309 gon
Example: 5 arcseconds = 0.001543 gons

To Mil:

1 ″ = 0.004938 mil
Example: 5 arcseconds = 0.024691 mils

Frequently Asked Questions

Formula: Degrees = Arcseconds ÷ 3600 Examples:

Convert Arcsecond

Need to convert Arcsecond to other angle units? Use our conversion tool.